The Adelphi School was a Quaker-organized school for poor children that operated between 1808 and 1906 in what is now the Chinatown neighborhood of Philadelphia's Center City. Originally founded to educate white boys during its first several years, it shifted focus to educating black children after the public education system was established in Pennsylvania. The Adelphi School was sustained through charitable donations, at no cost to its students. The building that housed the school beginning in 1832 is thought to be Philadelphia's "last surviving example of a free school building". It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.